Fantastic errors and how to avoid them
Grammar is not just a set of dusty rules from a textbook; it is the underlying structure that gives our words meaning and authority. In any professional context, from a quick email to a formal report, the way we construct our sentences has a direct impact on how we are perceived. Small errors in grammar, spelling, or punctuation can act like static on a phone line, distracting the reader from the message and, in some cases, undermining the writer's credibility. In the globalized and digitally-focused work environment of 2025, where the majority of our professional interactions are text-based, the importance of clean, correct writing cannot be overstated. A well-written proposal is more persuasive. A clear set of instructions prevents costly mistakes. A polished resume makes a stronger first impression. This category focuses on the most common and persistent errors that writers face. These are the tricky prepositions, the confusing verb tenses, and the redundant phrases that can slip past even careful proofreaders. By understanding why these errors occur and how to fix them, you are not just learning grammar; you are investing in your professional image. You are learning the language of competence, showing your readers that you are a careful, detail-oriented, and effective communicator who respects their time and attention.
Table of contents
List of categories
Adjective and adverb misuse
Using an adjective where an adverb is needed, or vice-versa (e.g., works perfect for me, i am happily, deeply shallow).
Example phrases(80)
The rule is straightforward: adjectives describe nouns (things or people), while adverbs describe verbs (actions), adjectives, or other adverbs. Adverbs often, but not always, end in "-ly." Despite the simple rule, the mix-up between these two is one of the most common errors in English. You will frequently see or hear a sentence like "Our new system works perfect." The word "perfect" is an adjective, but here it is being used to describe how the system "works" (a verb). Therefore, the adverb "perfectly" is the correct choice. The same error happens in reverse. A person might say, "I feel badly about the mistake." "Badly" is an adverb, but "feel" in this context is a linking verb that requires an adjective to describe the person"s state, so the correct phrase is "I feel bad." In business writing, this distinction is important for clarity and professionalism. A performance review that states "He completes his tasks quick" instead of "quickly" can seem less formal and less precise. A marketing document that promises a "real good deal" instead of a "really good deal' sounds clumsy Common examples include "Stay alerted" and "Much grateful". Paying attention to this simple distinction is a key part of writing with grammatical precision, which helps to build a more credible and professional tone in all your communications.
Article (a/an/the) and zero article errors
Mistakes in using or omitting the definite or indefinite articles, especially with countable/uncountable nouns or proper names (e.g., i got a flu, in a second time).
Example phrases(104)
The articles "a," "an," and "the" are some of the most common words in English, yet their correct usage is one of the most persistent challenges. These small words serve a crucial function: they signal whether you are talking about a general, unspecified thing or a specific, known one. The choice between them can subtly change the meaning of a sentence, and errors in their use can be distracting for a reader. The most frequent mistakes often revolve around the definite article "the." For instance, in a medical context, we refer to "the flu" or "the measles" because we treat them as specific, commonly understood illnesses. Writing "I have a flu" sounds unnatural because it frames the illness as just one of many, rather than a particular condition. Another common error is inserting an article where none is needed, a "zero article" situation. This often happens with abstract nouns, like in "The creativity is important." In this general statement, "Creativity is important" is the correct form. These errors, while they may not always obscure the meaning, act as small bumps in the road for the reader. In a professional document like a report or a proposal, a pattern of article mistakes can subtly signal to the reader that the writer may not be a native speaker or is perhaps careless with details Common examples include "a significant progress" and "a short information". In the competitive business environment of 2025, where clarity and professionalism are paramount, polishing these small but significant details can make your writing feel more authoritative and natural, allowing your ideas to shine through without distraction.
Determiners and quantifiers misuse
Errors involving words that specify quantity or number (e.g., amount of times, less fees, a few time).
Example phrases(134)
Determiners and quantifiers are the words we use to talk about "how much" or "how many," and the most common errors stem from a single, fundamental distinction: countable versus uncountable nouns. Countable nouns are things you can count individually (e.g., reports, clients, meetings). Uncountable nouns are things you cannot (e.g., information, advice, progress). The classic mistake is mixing up "less" and "fewer." You should use "fewer" for countable things, so writing "We have less employees than last year" is incorrect; it should be "fewer employees." "Less" is for uncountable things, as in "We have less information about this market." The same logic applies to "amount" versus "number." You have a "number of emails" (countable) but an "amount of work" (uncountable). In a data-driven report or a financial projection, these distinctions are critical. A report that refers to "the amount of defective units" instead of "the number of defective units" can look sloppy and undermine the credibility of the data being presented. In a world where business decisions are increasingly based on precise metrics, using the correct language of quantity is a sign of a careful and analytical mind. It shows that you are not just presenting numbers, but that you understand the nature of what you are measuring Common examples include "a few hundreds" and "a few knowledge". Correcting these small but significant errors is a simple way to make your professional writing more precise, logical, and authoritative.
Double comparatives and redundant modifiers
Using two forms of comparison simultaneously (e.g., much more faster, more cheaper than, quite more).
Example phrases(50)
It"s a specific and very common type of comparative error where a writer, in an attempt to add weight to a comparison, ends up using a redundant modifier. This is a classic case of "more is not always better." The most frequent example of this is the phrase "more cheaper." The word "cheaper" already contains the comparative meaning of "more cheap," so adding another "more" is superfluous. The correct phrase is simply "cheaper" or, for emphasis, "much cheaper." The same logic applies to other comparative forms. A phrase like "much more faster" is also incorrect. "Faster" is the comparative form of "fast." If you want to add emphasis, the correct structure is "much faster.' This error often creeps into writing from our habits in casual speech, where we might use these redundant forms for rhythm or emphasis without thinking. However, in professional writing, from a business proposal to a technical report, conciseness and precision are highly valued. These double comparatives are verbal clutter. Removing them is a simple but effective editing step that makes your writing cleaner, more direct, and more professional. It shows that you are a writer who chooses their words carefully, which is a key part of building a credible and authoritative voice Common examples include "more brighter" and "less longer than". It is a small change that can make your writing feel significantly more polished and confident.
Faulty comparative and superlative structures
Errors in forming or using comparative and superlative adjectives/adverbs (e.g., as better as, more sharper, the most wise).
Example phrases(54)
Whether you are comparing the performance of two marketing campaigns, arguing that your product is superior, or describing market trends, you are using comparatives and superlatives. The rules for forming them are generally straightforward, but the errors are very common. The core principle is that short, one-syllable adjectives (and some two-syllable ones) take "-er" for the comparative and "-est" for the superlative (e.g., "fast," "faster," "fastest"). Longer, multi-syllable adjectives use "more" and "most" (e.g., "effective," "more effective," "most effective"). The most frequent error is applying both rules at once, a kind of grammatical over-enthusiasm. This leads to phrases like "Our new process is more faster" or "She is the most wisest person on the team." These are redundant and sound unnatural. Another common mistake is in the "as...as" structure for comparing equals, where the base form of the adjective should be used. Writing "This option is as better as the first one" is incorrect; it should be "as good as." In a competitive analysis report or a marketing proposal, the language of comparison is central to your argument. Using these forms correctly makes your writing sound more confident and professional Common examples include "a more broad" and "as less as". It ensures your claims of superiority are presented in a clear, standard, and persuasive way, without the distraction of clumsy grammatical structures.
Incorrect word formation (derivation)
Errors in creating words by adding suffixes, often resulting in using the wrong part of speech (e.g., advicing for advising, growment for growth, doubtness).
Example phrases(75)
Many words in English belong to a family that includes a noun, a verb, an adjective, and an adverb, each with its own specific suffix and function (e.g., "creation," "create," "creative," "creatively"). A very common type of error, especially for learners, is choosing the wrong member of the family for the job. This is not a spelling mistake, but an error in word formation, or derivation. One of the most classic examples is the confusion between "advice" (the noun) and "advise" (the verb). A sentence like "Thank you for your advise" is incorrect because it uses the verb form where the noun is needed. Another common issue is the creation of non-existent words by applying a suffix from one word to another, leading to formations like "analyzation" instead of "analysis," or "doubtness" instead of "doubt." These errors can sometimes make a sentence confusing, as using the wrong part of speech can obscure the logical structure. More often, they are simply a clear sign that the writer is not fully proficient in the language. In a professional document, like a business proposal or a resume, these errors can be particularly damaging to credibility. They suggest a lack of familiarity with standard business vocabulary Common examples include "as a mean of" and "as per advise". Paying close attention to the correct forms of words and understanding their different roles in a sentence is a key part of moving from basic communication to polished, professional writing.
Informal and non-standard grammatical shortcuts
Constructions typical of extremely casual speech or non-native phrasing that are not accepted in formal writing (e.g., i more into, he better, pretty more, i am just chilling).
Example phrases(308)
The way we speak to our friends is often very different from the way we write a formal business proposal, and the phrases in this category are prime examples of that difference. These are grammatical shortcuts and non-standard structures that are perfectly acceptable and understandable in very casual, spoken conversations, but are considered errors in standard written English. For example, a person might say "I more into fantasy novels," a shortened version of "I am more into…" While the meaning is clear, in a written document, the omission of the verb "to be" would be a grammatical error. Similarly, a warning like "You better finish that report" is a common spoken shortcut for "You had better…" These are not just about formality; they are about adhering to the established conventions of written language. In the context of professional communication in 2025, where your written voice is often the primary way you represent yourself and your company, understanding this distinction is crucial. Using these informal shortcuts in a formal document like a client report or a legal notice can make the writer seem unprofessional, not serious, or lacking in education. It can create an impression of carelessness that can have real-world consequences Common examples include "I am not either" and "I am happy to read you". Knowing when to use the relaxed, informal language of speech and when to switch to the more structured, formal language of writing is a key skill for any effective professional communicator.
Misspellings and common typographical errors
Words with simple but common spelling mistakes or transposition errors (e.g., toghether, baverage, defenitely, assesst).
Example phrases(103)
In an age of powerful spell-checking tools built into every word processor and email client, persistent spelling mistakes and typographical errors in a professional document are often interpreted not as a lack of knowledge, but as a lack of care. This category is for those stubborn, common spelling errors that seem to evade both our attention and our technology. These are the words that have tricky letter combinations or silent letters that trip up even native speakers. Words like "definitely," "separate," "occasionally," and "accommodate" are frequent offenders. The problem with these errors is precisely that they are common. A recruiter reading a cover letter for a job in 2025 has seen "defenitely" a thousand times, and it can be an immediate red flag, signaling a lack of attention to detail—a critical skill in almost any profession. These are not complex grammatical issues; they are matters of basic diligence. A typo in a quick internal chat message is forgivable. A typo in a proposal to a major client, in a final report to a manager, or on a company's public website is not. It creates a small crack in the facade of professionalism. The solution is simple but requires discipline: slow down and proofread carefully, especially for high-stakes documents Common examples include "A troupe of Dancers" and "agreed too". Taking an extra two minutes to ensure your writing is free of these small but significant errors is one of the easiest ways to protect and enhance your professional credibility.
Non-finite verb form errors (gerund/infinitive)
Mistakes involving the form of the verb following another verb, adjective, or noun (e.g., looking forward to read, i enjoy to spend, miss to do something).
Example phrases(110)
When one verb follows another, what form should the second verb take? Should it be the "-ing" form (the gerund) or the "to + verb" form (the infinitive)? The answer depends entirely on the first verb, and there are no simple rules—it"s a matter of memorizing which verbs demand which pattern. This makes it one of the most frequent and noticeable areas for errors in the writing of non-native speakers. For example, the verb "enjoy" is always followed by a gerund. Therefore, "I enjoy to spend time with my team" is incorrect; the correct form is "I enjoy spending…" Conversely, the verb "decide" is always followed by an infinitive, so "I decided going to the conference" should be "I decided to go…" One of the most classic errors, often seen even at advanced levels, is in the closing of professional emails. The phrase is "I look forward to hearing from you," not "I look forward to hear…" The word "to' in this expression is a preposition, not part of an infinitive, so it must be followed by the gerund. While the meaning is usually clear, these errors can make a piece of writing feel clumsy and unpolished Common examples include "I anticipate to" and "I decided to and to". Correcting them is a significant step toward achieving a truly fluent and professional writing style, demonstrating a deep familiarity with the structural patterns of the language.
Passive voice and auxiliary verb errors
Incorrect formation or confusion of passive constructions (e.g., to be confirm, i was received, has been host, will be apply).
Example phrases(241)
The passive voice, where the subject of the sentence receives the action rather than performing it, is a sophisticated and essential tool in formal, scientific, and business writing. It is used to emphasize the action or the object, rather than the person who did it. However, its structure is more complex than the active voice, which leads to a common set of errors. The fundamental rule for the passive voice is a form of the auxiliary verb "to be" followed by the past participle (the V3 form) of the main verb. The most frequent mistakes involve getting one of these two components wrong. You will often see the base form of the verb used instead of the participle, leading to fragments like "The decision needs to be confirm" instead of "to be confirmed." Another common error is missing the auxiliary verb altogether, as in "The report sent yesterday," when it should be "The report was sent yesterday." There can also be confusion between active and passive. A sentence like "I was received the notification" is incorrect because the subject "I" is the one who did the receiving (active), so it should simply be "I received the notification." While the active voice is often encouraged for its directness, the passive voice is indispensable in many professional contexts (e.g., "The new policy was implemented on Monday") Common examples include "I am welcome" and "I was applied". Therefore, learning to form it correctly is a crucial skill for any writer who needs to produce formal and objective documents.
Past participle and irregular verb errors
Incorrect usage of the past participle (V3) form, especially for irregular verbs, or using V1/V2 where V3 is required (e.g., i didn't left, done send, i would have came).
Example phrases(136)
While most English verbs form their past tense and past participle by simply adding "-ed," a group of common and important verbs, the irregulars, follow their own unique patterns. This makes them a frequent source of errors, even for native speakers. Every irregular verb has three forms: the base form (V1, e.g., "go"), the simple past (V2, e.g., "went"), and the past participle (V3, e.g., "gone"). The mistakes come from using the wrong form in the wrong place. The past participle (V3) is required in two key situations: in all perfect tenses (with "have," "has," or "had") and in the passive voice. A very common error is to use the simple past form instead, leading to sentences like "I have already went to the meeting" instead of "I have already gone…" or "He would have came earlier" instead of "He would have come…" Another classic mistake is using the past tense form after the auxiliary verb "did" in a negative sentence or a question. The rule is that "did" is followed by the base form (V1), but it"s common to see errors like "I didn"t saw the email" instead of "I didn"t see…' In professional writing, these errors can be particularly noticeable and can make the writer seem less educated or careless Common examples include "I have forgot" and "I have already wrote". Mastering the principal parts of the most common irregular verbs is a fundamental step in producing clean, correct, and credible written communication.
Prepositional errors in fixed expressions
Incorrect choice of preposition in common idioms, phrases, or collocations (e.g., in light with, in contrast to, regardless if, in my knowledge).
Example phrases(220)
English is filled with thousands of fixed phrases and idioms where a specific preposition is used for no clear logical reason—it"s just the way it is. These combinations, known as collocations, are a key part of what makes the language sound natural. Errors in this area are very common and can be a clear marker of a writer who is still learning the nuances of the language. For example, the standard phrase is "in light of new information," not "in light with." We say "in contrast with" or "by contrast," not "in contrast to." A very common error in business emails is "to my knowledge," which is often incorrectly written as "in my knowledge." These mistakes are not usually a result of a misunderstanding of grammar rules, but a lack of familiarity with these specific, ingrained combinations. While the meaning is often still understandable, a pattern of these errors can be jarring to a native-speaking reader. It can make the writing feel slightly "off' and can distract from the main message. In a high-stakes document like a formal proposal for a client in 2025, you want your language to be seamless and invisible, allowing your ideas to take center stage Common examples include "In near time" and "according from". Polishing these small but significant details is a major step toward achieving that kind of fluency and professionalism in your writing.
Prepositional errors with verbs, nouns, and adjectives
Using the wrong preposition after a specific word (e.g., interested to attend, superior than, attributed by, comply to).
Example phrases(242)
In English, many verbs, nouns, and adjectives have a strong, almost magnetic, attraction to a specific preposition. It"s a matter of conventional pairing, and there are no simple rules to follow; it is a matter of learning which words go together. This makes it a very common area for errors, for both native and non-native speakers. A classic mistake is with the word "interested." We are always "interested in" something, not "interested to" or "interested about." So, a sentence in an email like "I am interested to attend the webinar" should be "I am interested in attending." Another frequent error is in comparisons. We say something is "different from" something else, not "different than." An item is "superior to" another, not "superior than." These are not logical choices; they are fixed combinations that have become standard through centuries of use. In professional writing, from a resume to a technical report, using these combinations correctly is a sign of proficiency. An error like "We must comply to the new regulations" (it should be "comply with") can seem like a small detail, but a pattern of such mistakes can subtly undermine the writer"s authority. It can make the writing feel less polished and professional Common examples include "Upon entering" and "achieve on". Paying close attention to these word partnerships is a key part of developing a truly fluent and confident writing style.
Pronoun and reflexive pronoun errors
Mistakes in pronoun case, number, or using reflexives incorrectly (e.g., so as me, i myself am, myself and my colleague, who else's).
Example phrases(77)
Pronouns are the small words we use to replace nouns (like "he," "she," "it," "they"), but their apparent simplicity hides a number of tricky rules. The most persistent error is with the pronoun case, especially the confusion between "I" and "me." The rule is simple: "I" is a subject (the one doing the action), and "me" is an object (the one receiving the action). A very common mistake is "Me and my manager will attend the meeting." A quick way to check this is to remove the other person: "Me will attend the meeting" is clearly wrong. The correct form is "My manager and I will attend…" Another area of confusion is the reflexive pronoun "myself." It should only be used when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same person (e.g., "I sent the email to myself"). It is often incorrectly used as a substitute for "I" or "me," as in the very common but grammatically incorrect sentence opener, "Myself and my colleague reviewed the document." These errors are extremely common in everyday speech, but in formal written communication, they can be particularly jarring Common examples include "as I you" and "attendees name". Getting pronouns right is a key indicator of a writer's attention to detail and knowledge of grammatical fundamentals, which is why it is so important for maintaining a professional and polished voice.
Redundancy and pleonasm
Using more words than necessary, often by pairing two words with the same meaning (e.g., return back, mutual collaboration between, joint together, future generations to come).
Example phrases(179)
Redundancy, or pleonasm, is the practice of using more words than are needed to express an idea, often by pairing two words that mean the same thing. It is an extremely common feature of casual speech, but in professional writing, it can make your text feel wordy, imprecise, and less impactful. The most famous example is "return back." The verb "return" already contains the idea of "going back," so the word "back" is entirely superfluous. The same logic applies to many other common phrases. We have "collaboration," not "mutual collaboration" (collaboration is inherently mutual). We "join" things, we don"t "joint together." These phrases are often so ingrained in our speaking habits that we don"t even notice them. However, a sharp-eyed editor or a critical reader will. In a business context where conciseness is highly valued, cutting out these redundancies is a key part of writing with power and clarity. Why write "the end result" when you can just write "the result"? Why "a new innovation" when an innovation is by definition new? Learning to spot and eliminate these redundant phrases is a crucial step in the development of a strong writing style. It forces you to think more carefully about the meaning of each word you use, leading to writing that is not only more concise but also more focused and professional Common examples include "Following below" and "I could not be able to attend". It is the art of making every word count.
Subject-verb agreement (complex)
Disagreements in sentences with complex subjects, indefinite pronouns, or inverted word order (e.g., neither of my parents is, there is no grounds, each teams).
Example phrases(76)
While simple subject-verb agreement is straightforward, the rules can become much trickier when sentences become more complex. This is where even confident native speakers can make mistakes, and it is a key area that distinguishes a proficient writer from a truly polished one. The challenges come from several sources. Indefinite pronouns like "each," "every," "either," and "neither" are grammatically singular, even when they feel plural. This leads to very common errors like "Each of the project teams are responsible for their own budget." The subject is "Each," which is singular, so the correct verb is "is." Another common trap is the inverted sentence structure, usually starting with "There is" or "There are." People often default to "There is," leading to incorrect sentences like "There is a number of issues we need to address." The true subject is "a number of issues" (plural), so the verb should be "are." Complex subjects with intervening phrases also cause confusion. In the sentence "The report, along with all its appendices, is available on the server," the subject is the singular "report," not the plural "appendices," so the verb is "is." Getting these right, especially in formal documents like legal contracts, technical manuals, or academic papers, is not just a matter of style; it is a matter of absolute clarity and precision Common examples include "criteria is met" and "any was". It demonstrates a high level of command over the language, which enhances the writer's authority and credibility.
Subject-verb agreement (simple)
Errors where a singular subject is paired with a plural verb, or vice-versa, in simple sentence structures (e.g., the people goes, three years has passed, he wish).
Example phrases(89)
Subject-verb agreement is the simple, powerful rule that the subject (who or what is doing the action) must match in number with the verb (the action). A singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject takes a plural verb. It seems straightforward, but in the speed of writing an email or drafting a report, this is one of the most common errors to slip through. The problem is that modern spellcheckers and grammar tools do not always catch these mistakes, especially if the words themselves are spelled correctly. This leads to common but jarring errors like "The marketing team are doing a great job" when it should be "The marketing team is doing a great job" (the team is a single unit). Another classic example is "The list of action items are on the next page" instead of "The list... is..." (the subject is the singular "list," not the plural "items"). While the meaning is usually still clear, these errors can have a subtle but significant impact on how the writer is perceived. In a professional context, a document riddled with subject-verb agreement errors can make the writer appear careless or lacking in attention to detail. In a resume or a cover letter, it can be a red flag for a recruiter. It is a fundamental rule of written English, and getting it right is a key part of demonstrating professionalism and competence Common examples include "actions has been taken" and "criteria has been met". It is a simple check that pays big dividends in credibility.
Tense errors - progressive/continuous forms
Incorrect formation or application of progressive tenses (e.g., i am needing, we are understanding, i was being late).
Example phrases(50)
The progressive (or continuous) tenses, which use the "-ing" form of the verb, are used to describe actions that are in progress at a specific point in time. However, a specific class of verbs, known as stative verbs, generally resist being used in this form. This is a very common point of confusion and a frequent source of errors. Stative verbs describe a state of being, a thought, or a feeling, not a dynamic action. Common examples include "know," "believe," "understand," "need," and "want." This is why a sentence in an email like "I am understanding your point" sounds unnatural to a native speaker. "Understand" is a state of mind, not an action in progress, so the simple present "I understand your point" is the correct form. Similarly, "I am needing your help" should be "I need your help." These errors are common because learners are taught the "-ing" rule for ongoing actions, and they apply it universally. However, in professional writing, these mistakes can be particularly jarring. They can make the writer sound unnatural or as if they are translating directly from their native language Common examples include "I am wanting" and "I am needing". Learning to identify these common stative verbs and to use them in their simple form is a key step in developing a more natural and professional writing voice, ensuring your requests and statements are clear and standard.
Tense errors - simple/perfect tense misuse
Incorrect use of simple past versus present perfect, often with adverbs like "already" or "just" (e.g., i already message, i did run, he has achieved).
Example phrases(191)
It"s not just about when an action happened, but about its relationship to the present moment. This subtlety makes it a very common area for errors. The simple past (e.g., "I sent the email") is used for actions that are completed at a specific, known time in the past. The action is finished and contained in the past. The present perfect (e.g., "I have sent the email") is used for actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past, or for actions that started in the past and are still relevant to or continuing in the present. This is why words like "already," "just," and "yet" are often used with the present perfect. A common error in an email or a chat message is "I already send the report." The correct form, indicating a recent past action with present relevance, is "I have already sent the report." The difference is subtle but significant. "I lived in London for five years" implies I no longer live there. "I have lived in London for five years" implies I still do. In a project status update, "We finished Phase 1" is a simple statement of a completed task. "We have finished Phase 1' has a slightly different feel; it implies that this past accomplishment is the foundation for what is happening now Common examples include "I already do" and "I had already left". Mastering this distinction is a major step toward a more sophisticated and precise writing style.
Unnecessary/superfluous prepositions/conjunctions
Inserting a preposition or conjunction where none is needed, often leading to wordiness (e.g., i came across to, regarding of, hence why, in order to).
Example phrases(159)
Similar to redundancy, this error involves adding small words—usually prepositions or conjunctions—where they are not grammatically required. This often happens out of a misplaced desire to make the writing sound more formal or complex, but it usually has the opposite effect, making the text feel slightly clumsy and unnatural. A very common example is adding an extra preposition after a phrasal verb. The phrasal verb "to come across" means "to find by chance." It does not need another preposition after it, so a sentence like "I came across to an interesting article" is incorrect. It should simply be "I came across an interesting article." Another frequent mistake is adding "of" to "regarding," or "as" to "considered." A proposal might incorrectly state, "This is considered as a high-risk project." The correct form is "This is considered a high-risk project." These are subtle errors, and the meaning is almost always still clear. However, they are another form of verbal clutter. A polished piece of professional writing is lean and efficient. Removing these superfluous little words is like clearing away the weeds to let the main idea grow stronger Common examples include "adjoining to" and "a comparison of between". It results in a cleaner, more confident prose style, showing that the writer has a firm grasp of the standard structures of the language and does not need to add extra words to make their point.
Last updated: November 2025
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